How does a door closer work?

A door closer is a device attached to a door that ensures the door closes automatically and gently after it has been opened. Its operation is based on a fairly simple but effective mechanism.

In essence, a door closer consists of the following components:

• A housing mounted on the door or door frame.
• A spring inside the housing that is tensioned when the door is opened, thereby storing energy.
• A hydraulic damping control that regulates the release of the spring energy to enable a controlled closing speed.

When someone opens the door, the spring inside the housing is tensioned and stores energy. After the door is released, the stored spring energy begins to close it again. But instead of the door slamming shut abruptly, the hydraulic damping control intervenes. It regulates the release of the stored energy to slow the closing of the door and allow smooth movement. This mechanism makes door closers a popular aid not only in commercial environments, but also in private homes, as they contribute to greater safety on the one hand and save energy on the other by helping retain heat or cool air indoors.